Research Progress Of Pressure Swing Adsorption CO2 Capture Technology

Research progress of pressure swing adsorption CO2 capture technology

In recent years, the issue of CO2 emissions has attracted people's attention. As a major greenhouse gas, large-scale emissions of CO2 have caused global temperatures to rise and have a huge impact on the global climate. Since fossil energy is still the main energy source used worldwide, carbon emissions are huge. In order to respond to climate change and reduce CO2 emissions, countries have introduced relevant policies such as carbon taxes and green energy subsidies to control emissions. Carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS) technology has been proposed as an efficient carbon reduction technology. CCUS is mainly divided into three parts: capture, transportation, storage or utilization. CO2 is first enriched from low-concentration emission sources, and then transported to the storage location for storage or sent to the utilization factory for processing and use through pipeline transportation. The capture process is the main source of energy consumption in CCUS technology. Coal-fired power, steel, cement, oil refining and petrochemical production are the main stationary emission sources. Among them, the tail gas emitted by the petrochemical industry has the characteristics of high CO2 concentration and concentrated emissions compared with other industries. Therefore, carbon capture of its CO2 emissions is a preferred choice.

At present, CO2 capture technology mainly includes absorption method, adsorption method, membrane separation method and low temperature separation method. Absorption method and adsorption method are more economically feasible in flue gas CO2 capture. Solvent absorption method is the most widely used. At present, CO2 separation technology based on absorption method is relatively mature and has been widely used commercially. It has strong selectivity, high purity of product gas, and low investment in technology and equipment. Chemical absorption technology has been widely used at home and abroad. Shell
Cansolv of Canada established a commercial CO2 post-combustion capture project in 2013-Boundary Dam Project, which uses a special Cansolv DC-103 absorbent to capture flue gas CO2 from coal-fired power plants.

The project can capture 170 tons of CO2 per day under actual operation, with an average CO2 concentration of 9.1 VOL% in flue gas, a capture rate of about 91%, and an average capture energy consumption of 2.33 MJ/kg. The CO2 SEPPL pilot project in Austria built the Dürnrohr power plant, which used the absorption method to capture CO2 in flue gas and used steam to heat the reboiler to provide heat to regenerate the absorbent. The average CO2 capture energy consumption was 3.1MJ/kg. The Canadian International Carbon Capture Experimental Center used a mixed MEA/MDEA solution to improve the UR project, significantly reducing energy consumption. The Tarong pilot project in Queensland, Australia, used intermediate cooling inside the absorption tower. Actual tests found that the heat load of the reboiler was reduced by 10%. The UNO MK3 pilot project at the Hazelwood Power Station in Australia used potassium carbonate as an absorbent. After using a diffusion promoter, its regeneration energy consumption can be reduced to 2-3 MJ/kg CO2.